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Unit 1

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Published in: Biology
2,548 Views

Cells, Cell Magnification, Cell Division

Pradeep K / Bangalore

10 years of teaching experience

Qualification: Ph.D (Kuvempu University, Shimoga - 2008), B.Ed (Mysore University, Mysore - 2010), M.Sc (Bangalore University - 1997), B.Sc (Bangalore Medical College and research Institute - 1994)

Teaches: Bio Technology, Biology, EVS, Zoology, B.Sc Tuition, Botany

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  1. Cells structure and specialized roles ClickBiology
  2. A section through a liver cell (animal cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell cytoplasm metabolic (chemical) reactions occur here nucleus contains the DNA and so controls the cell DNA contains the coded instructions to make proteins ClickBiology
  3. Section through a palisade cell of a leaf (plant cell) cell membrane nucleus cytoplasm 00 chloroplast large sap vacuole cellulose cell wall ClickBiology
  4. CELLS Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane 9 Vacuole cell wall Chloroplast
  5. Red blood cells transport oxygen cell surface membrane cytoplasm contains haemoglobin haemoglobin is a protein which carries the oxygen molecules cytoplasm contains no nucleus allows more room for haemoglobin bi-concave disc shape increases surface area over which absorption of oxygen can occur ClickBiology
  6. Muscle cells contract and enable movement of the body 0000 000000 0 000000008 000 *00800 00000080 The strands of protein (Actin and Myosin) slide over each other making the muscle cell (fibre) shorter and causing the muscle to contract muscle Muscle cells have many nuclei and large no: of mitochondria. cell surface membrane nucleus protein strands ClickBiology
  7. Ciliated cells move bacteria and dust away from the lungs cilia Cilia are small extensions of the cell. They beat rhythmically to sweep mucus, which has trapped bacteria and dust, away from the lungs nucleus magnification X3000 ClickBiology
  8. Xylem vessels transport water and minerals up the plant xylem vessels are continuous tubes xylem vessel no cytoplasm hollow: allows for continuous flow of water and dissolved mineral ions lignin water-proof and strong; helps support the plant cross-section longitudinal section ClickBiology
  9. Root hair cells absorb minerals and water from the soil Cross-section of a root hair cell cytoplasm contains no chloroplasts as no photosynthesis is needed cell membrane semi-permeable, so will allow water and mineral ions into the cell root hair cell increases surface area for absorption of water and mineral ions ClickBiology
  10. CELLS Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane 9 Vacuole cell wall Chloroplast
  11. All cells have these features in common: a nucleus cytoplasm a cell membrane contains genetic material which controls the cell's behaviour. where chemical processes (controlled by enzymes) take place which controls what passes into and out of the cell In addition, plant cells have the following unique features: a rigid cell wall made of to strengthen the cell cellulose vacuoles chloroplasts to store cell sap contain chlorophyll which enables photosynthesis to take place.