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PPT On Bee Sting

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Published in: Biology | Presentation Skills | Zoology
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One of my Sample Presentations on Toxicology - On Bee Sting With attractive look to keep students entertained...

Sakthi P / Chennai

2 years of teaching experience

Qualification: M.Sc

Teaches: Basic Computer, MS Office, School Level Computer, All Subjects, Anatomy, Bio Technology, Biology, Botany, Physiology, Zoology, English, EVS, Science, B.Sc Tuition, Bio-medical, BMS Tuition, Food & Nutrition, Human Anatomy, M.Sc Tuition, TNPSC, UGC Exams, BDS, MBBS Tuition, Medical Entrance Exams, NEET, PG Medical, Science Projects

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  1. BEE/WASP STING Sem 4
  2. INTRODUCTION The phylum Arthropoda is the largest division of the animal kingdom. The phylum includes: •./ Insects (Bees. Wasps. Hornets. Flies. Mosquitoes. Bedbugs. Fire Ants. Caterpillars. Fleas). •V Arachnids (Spiders. Scorpions. Chiqqers. Ticks), And •V Crustaceans (Shrimp. Lobsters. Crabs)
  3. HYMENOPTERA (WASPS, BEES, AND ANTS) There are three major subgroups or superfamilies of medical importance: (1 ) Apidae, which includes the honeybee and bumblebee; (2) Vespidae, which include yellow jackets, hornets, and wasps; and (3) Formicidae, or ants.
  4. • HONEY BEE BUMBLE BEE YELLOW • JACKET
  5. Most of the allergic reactions reported each year due to Hymenoptera occur from vespid (wasp, hornet, and yellow jacket) stings. These arthropods nest in the ground, in trees, or in walls; have volatile tempers; and may be disturbed by work taking place around the nest. As with bees, only the females have adapted a stinger from the ovipositor on the posterior aspect of the abdomen. Although vespids also possess barbed stingers, they have the ability to withdraw their stingers from the victim, which rmits multiple stings.
  6. Venom composition (Apitoxin) Hymenoptera venom contains several components Histamine Melittin Protein enzymes (such as phospholipase and hyaluronidase) Adolapin, apamin Yellow jacket venom is perhaps the most potent sensitizer.
  7. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Oecreased oug»ut ry flow Antigens • Prurdus
  8. mast cell degran Illation peptide 401 Melittin€ cell lysis olipid. I-PA SIP sensing pain HISTAMINE: FRIEND ...or FRENEMY? FOE NIH MedlinePIus MAGAZINE
  9. Bee stings Bee venom's toxins into bloodstream Effects on skeletal muscle Rhabdomyolysis Effects on blood cells Hemolysis Acute tubular necrosis Nephrotoxic substances 1 Direct nephrotoxicity Vasoactive substances into bloodstream 1 Syste mic vasodilation Vascular increase Heart rate decrease Renal perfusion decrease/ Renal ischemia Acute kidney injury
  10. CLINICAL FEATURES Pain Slight Erythema Edema Urticaria Pruritus at the sting site Airway obstruction-Angioedema Stings around the eye or on the lid may result in the development of an anterior capsule cataract, atrophy of the iris, lens abscess, perforation of the globe, glaucoma, or refractive changes. ANAPHYLAXIS
  11. Symptoms include Vomiting Diarrhea Light-headedness and syncope Involuntary muscle spasms Respiratory distress and Cardiac arrest Renal and hepatic failure Disseminated intravascular coagulation can result from massive bee stings.
  12. A DELAYED REACTION, appearing 5 to 14 days after a sting, consists of serum sickness—like signs and symptoms of Fever, Malaise, Headache, Urticaria, Lymphadenopathy, Polyarthritis, RENAL INSUFFICIENCIES (WASPS) Frequently, the patient has forgotten about the encounters and is puzzled by the sudden appearance of symptoms.
  13. MANAGEMENT GENERAL MANAGEMENT: If the bee stinger is present in the wound, remove it. Although conventional teaching suggested scraping the stinger out to avoid squeezing remaining venom from the retained venom gland into the tissues. LOCAL REACTION TREATMENT: Apply a cold compress (a cold, damp washcloth or damp cloth wrapped around an ice pack) to the area. If you develop itching, you can take a nonprescription antihistamine, such as cetirizine. A pain reliever, such as ibuprofen(NSAlDS) may help reduce pai
  14. How to Treat a Bee Sting and do n o' I. Remove the stin*er by scraping it the Side With your fingernail or a credit card. A bee's venom sac is attached to the stinger and Can to drain you if 0 2. Wash the With Soapy Water. 3. Use ice or a cold to help 4. Take an oral antihistamine, like itching or If swelling and pain don't dissipate, or you have breathing. seek medical attention immediate I y. An Righ„
  15. MANAGEMENT TREATMENT FOR ANAPHYLAXIS: Administer 1M Greater Injecton lateralis site 0.5 milli r (0.3 to 0.5 mL of 1:1 000 concentration) in adults and 0.01 milligram/ kg in children (up to 0.3 milligram). [Vastus Lateralis] Provide aggressive fluid resuscitation with crystalloids. Antihistamines, histamine-2 receptor antagonists, and steroids are also commonly given. [ Dip hhydram (Benad to 50 mg 1M or IV, HI & H2 receptors; Ranitidine- H2 receptors ] LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT: Risk of Systemic Reaction on Subsequent Stings Results of Skin Testing - Venom immunotherapy plus epinephrine syringe. Fem"' al Rectus artery Lateral condyle
  16. ????? R" and Messmer grading scal• anaphylactk reactions (2) ?? ??? ?? F I ushng l-lrtk:ana E lushng l-lrtpc:ara F lushun lJrtE:ana ttKt ederna C Mdiovucul•r Tmrp:ardia (nse 4>20 ?' ? SBP) ViMT11tmg Vandmg
  17. 0 MASS ENVENOMATION With honey bees the toxic dose (LD50) of the venom is estimated to be 8.6 stings per pound of body weight. Children are at a greater risk than adults Most deaths caused by multiple stings have occurred in men in their 70s or 80s who were known to have poor cardiopulmonary functioning.
  18. COMPLICATIONS Airway obstruction Respiratory Arrest Circulatory Collapse- Hypovolemic & Cardiogenic Shock Cardiac Arrest Death
  19. PREVENTIVE CARE z • Every patient who has had a systemic reaction should be provided with an insect sting kit containing premeasured epinephrine and should be carefully instructed in its use. The physician should stress that the patient must inject the epinephrine at the first sign of a systemic reaction. Physicians should also advise their patients who are allergic to insects to wear identification (e.g., medical alert tags) describing their severe allergy. They should also be advised to follow up with an allergist.
  20. LOCAL THERAPY • Antihistamines • Anti-inflammatories • Topical corticosteroids THERAIW • Adrenaline • Antihistamines • Alkaline diuresis • Cardiorespiratory support . Dialysis . Diuretics . Glucocorticoids • Patient hydration Stinger removal Allergic Reactions Toxic Reactions THERAPY • Adrenaline • Antihistamines • Cardiorespiratory • Glucoconicoids • Venom immunotherapy • Stinger removal RESEARCH IgG antivenom prod in rabbits • Fab antivenom produced . F(ab• antivenom produced in horses • scFv antivenom phage-display
  21. N/A
  22. THANKS CREDITS: This presentation template was

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