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Presentation On Boilers

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Published in: Mechanical
1,695 Views

Types of bopiles`

Juned K / Navi Mumbai

10 years of teaching experience

Qualification: M.Tech (DR BATU LONERE MANGAON - 2015), Ph.D (Amity Mumbai Campus - 2023), B.Tech/B.E. (FINOLEX ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY RATNAGIRI - 2011)

Teaches: All Subjects, Hindi, Mathematics, Science, Accountancy, Arts Group, Physics, Biology, Chemistry, B.Sc Tuition, B.Tech Tuition, Drawing, Engineering Graphics, Mechanical, Mechanics, Production

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  1. Boilers Definition: a type of fired furnace used to boil water and produce steam; also known as a steam generator. Steam is used to operate steam turbines, distillation systems, and reaction systems. Think and answer: Compare a boiler with a reboiler? Heat transfer methods: Boilers use a combination of adiant conductive and convective heat transfer methods to change water to steam. A simple boiler consists of a heat source, water-containing drum, water inlet, and steam outlet. As heat is added to the drum, the temperatur Increases until the water boils. As the steam rises, it is captured in a line Water to steam: Heat until start boiled : 23 C to looc steam to super heating steam More than IOOC and sent on for further rocessin Water Steam Drum Convection Conduction Radiation Effective factors on boiler operation: density differences for internal circulation, pressure, temperature, and water level.
  2. Turbine L Coal opper Pulverizer Air Ash hopper Iternator Precipitator Feedwater Condenser Pump Water Storage Cooling Tower
  3. co r "I-leat Exchanger C 01 u Cooling •rater Liquid Distillate Feed tnosv Reb oiler Excha n ger To heat up the bottom pro uct Iqul to separate the lighter components o heavier components Steam to tube wall to liquid Convection conduction....convection Boiler Ste are Produce steam by converting water to steam
  4. Natural Gas Syngas Stearn Reforming Fresh "Cater Steam Drum Steam DME Distillation Unit-I
  5. CONVECTION the transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by molecular motion CONDUCTION the transfer Of heat or electric current from one substance to another by direct contact. RADIATION energy that Is radiated or transmitted In the form of rays or waves or particles Conduction (via direct contact) • Conduction is the direct flow of heat through a material resulting from physical contact. Convection (via fluid) • heat transfer between a surface and adjacent fluid (gas, air or liquid) and by the flow of fluid from one place to another, induced by temperature Radiation (via electromagnetic Radiation) • No transfer medium required It's the transfer of thermal energy through matter of space by electro- magnetic waves.
  6. Air from atmosphere Air Pre-heater External feed water source Economizer Boiler 100 c Furnace ooc Super Heater Cooling Tower Condenser Turbine Electric power Generator Coal Storag Ash Storage Coal ndling Ash Handling
  7. Fire -Tube Boilers A more complicated boiler is the fire-tube boiler, which resembles a modified shell-and-tube heat exchanger. This type of boiler is composed of a shell and a series of tubes designed to transfer heat from the fire-tubes and into boiler feedwater. How it works? Combustion gases exit through a chamber similar to an exchanger head and pass safely out of the boiler. The water level in the boiler shell is maintained above the tubes to protect them from overheating. The term fire-tube denotes that the heat source is from within the tubes. Oiler consists of a oiler shell with feed inlet and utlet connection , fire-tubes, a combustion tub burner, feedwater inlet, steam outlet, combustion gas exhaust port, and tube sheet .
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  9. Water-Tube Boilers The most common type of large commercial boiler is a water-tube boiler. HOW It works? Refer to the video to understand better A water-tube boiler consists of n upper and lower drum connected b ubes he lower drum and water-tubes are filled com letel with water whereas the upper drum is only partially full. This arrangement allows team to pass through mechanical separators in the upper drum flow to su erheater section, and then exit the boiler As heat is applied to the boiler firebox, water flows from the upper drum through downcomers into the lower drum. Tubes, called risers, cause water and steam to flow into the upper drum because of density differences. Boiler water irculation o erates under the rinci le of differential densit . When a fluid is heated, it expands and becomes less dense. Boiler Stack NORMAL STEAM /CONDSATE STEAM Desuperheated Steam Economizer Section owncomer Water In Water Superheated Steam Heat Riser DRY STEAM ooc Boiler Furnace Cooler water flows from the upper—or steam—drum through the downcomers to the mud drum (the lower drum) and then ises as some steam is generated. Circulation continues and makeup water is added to the upper drum to replace the steam that !sgenerated Water circulation continues in a water-tube boiler because steam bubbles in the lower drum move up the riser tubes and cause water density to decrease. The cooler water in the downcomer flows into the mud drum. The riser and steam-generating tubes are physically located near the burners. Steam moves up the riser and steam-generating tubes and into the upper steam- generating drum. Steam generation causes pressure to rise. When the target pressure is achieved, the boiler is "placed on the line." Pressure is maintained by adding makeup water and continuously applying heat.
  10. Steam in boilers Basic boiler design removes the steam from the upper steam water drum and heats it up at essentially the same pressure. This process is referred to as superheating. Some plant processes cannot tolerate high temperatures. The process of cooling the superheated steam is referred to as de superheating. During the esuperheating process, part of the superheated steam is returned to the steam drum. The cooler liquid in the steam drum removes heat from the superheated stream and allows it to be used in specific plant processes. Question: What type of steam a water-tube boiler produces? SUPER HEATED STEAM (DRY STEAM DESUPER HEATED STEAM (WET C)
  11. Steam traps Steam is used in a variety of applications in industrial manufacturing environments. As steam flows from the boiler to the plant, it begins to cool. As it cools, condensate is formed. Condensate can es eam. Su so wa er can ama ee ul men an ea ause man o serious ro ems as I fows WI o a con I Ion nown as wa er ammer Devices known s steam tra s are used to remove condensate. Steam traps are grouped into two categories: mechanical and thermostatic. Mechanical steam traps include inverted buckets and floats. Thermostatic traps include bellows-type traps. Question: What is a steam strap?
  12. Steam Generation System Boiler-402 3059F 60 psig A 404 40 40 Desuperheated V-402E 150 psig Hi PCV-402A AUTO PIC AUTO sp : 50% PV : 50% OPO'0 LCV-401 Treated water Stack Vent 450QF 40 -.02 4 40 Hi 75 psig Low 50 psig V-402C O pogo 500/0 500/0 500/0 LIC 500QF 350QF 40 Superheated V-402D 350QF on/off Burner-402 -.02 FCV402B A 100 psig Low To Ex-205 # per hour of steam required at full load. AUTO sp 50% poz 500/0 Fan-402A TK402 Natural Gas Tank 500/0 AUTO 4 60 psig 40 SP : 120 psig psig 25% IC 40 LIC L p 401 Stea 35% 40 40 Deaerator AUTO s -.05 popo 100% AUTO PIC 402B Fan-402B FCV-402C 155 psig V.402B P-402 AA Hi v.41 Low 0-10% Oxygen SP 1150 GPM PV 150 GPM popo CASC FIC 402 402C oo
  13. A number of hazards are associated with the operation of a boiler system. Some of these hazards include: Hazards associated ith high-temperature steam "burns" Hazards associated ith using natural gas Hazards associated ith leak nstrument failure Hazards associated with confined space ent Opening and blinding ' Isolation of hazardous energy permit labeled "Lock-out, Tag-out" Routine work on equipment and facilities Hazards associated with lighting burners Exceeding boiler temperatures or pressures Hazards associated with using water treatment chemicals Error with valve line-up resulting in explosion or fire
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