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DEVELOPMENT POLICIES AND EXPERIENCE

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Published in: Political Science
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How Indian economics got Influenced

Sharath / Delhi

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Qualification: B.Tech/B.E. (DU - 2012)

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  1. INTRODUCTION Indian economy is not only influenced by present situation, but it has steep roots right from the British rule. The main purpose of British rule in India was to make India, supplier of raw materials to the rapid Britain kingdom. Indian economy was not only characterised in agriculture, it had known for its handcraft industries in the field of cotton and silk textiles, Metal and precious stones. Thus India had an independent economy. But after the advent of the British Empire to India, its handcraft industries had a major setback. The cotton textiles of Bengal was famous. Particularly in Dhaka, muslin type of cotton was world famous. The finest muslin was called Malmal. The economic policies pursued by the colonial government was more concerned in promoting the economic activities of their home nation than INDIA, thus resulted in change in the development of Indian economy- i.e. transferring INDIA into the supplier of raw material and consumer of the finished goods. Per capita income was not calculated by British government. Instead there were many attempts made by individuals to calculate per capita. But the calculation was no longer satisfying the actual income of the nation. AGRICULTURAL SECTOR Over 85% of the Indian population was residing in villages. Most of the people were directly or indirectly depending on agriculture. The policies made by colonial government, especially in Bengal province gave to root to zamindars to accrue profits extracted by workers. Workers were not given any part in the profit. It was the British government and zamindars who were getting profited who never bothered about bringing reforms in agricultural sector. Hence the economy has seen the immense misery and social tension among the latter. The main interest of zamindars was only to collect revenue regardless of the economic situation of the cultivators. Dates were fixed for zamindars to give rent to the British government. Failing so will lose their ownership over land. Poor utilization fertilizers, poor condition of farmers and lack of irrigation facilities also added up to aggravate (more serious) the plight of the farmers. This also was major reason for the dismal of the productivity in agriculture. Few parts of the country absorbed relatively high production in cash crops because of commercialization of the agriculture.

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