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Solar Cell

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Published in: Physics
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Bulk hetro junction solar cell

Narendra K / Mumbai

8 years of teaching experience

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Teaches: Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics, B.Sc Tuition, CTET, KVPY Exam

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  1. BULK HETERO JUNCTION ORGANIC SOLAR CELL BY NARENDRA KUMAR ROLL NO 154113001 PhD FIRST YEAR SEMINAR GUIDE PROF. DIPTI GUPTA MEMS DEPARTMENT 11T BOMBAY
  2. OUTLINE 1. 2, 3. 4. 5, 6, 7. 8, 9. Introduction Timeline of solar cell Basic mechanism of solar cell Organic Solar cell Bulk hetero junction organic solar cell Self assembly of bulk hetero junction Nano Morphology Characteristic of organic solar cell Multi-donor hetero junction solar cell 10. References
  3. INTRODUCTION
  4. rrent contribution o en e rgy sources Current Contribution of Energy Sources Geothermal, Solar & Wind, 0.50% coal, 25.30% Natural Gas__ , 20.70% Biomass & waste, Hydro, 2.20% Nuclear, 6.30% Petroleum, 35%
  5. Time line of solar cell There are three generation of solar cell Crystalline silicon solar cell Thin film solar cell Nanostructure, organic solar cell Example, Double layer and bulk hetero junction organic solar cell
  6. Basic mechanism of solar cell Absorption of photon by photoactive material Generation of bound pair electron and hole(excitons) and dissociation of excitons which gives mobile carrier Movement mobile carrier toward respective electrode
  7. 0 c C SOLAR CELL HAVI Vacuum Level z Holes HOMO Cathode (ITO) -MATERIAL Anode Figure shows about mechanism of solar with single organic material
  8. ANIC SOLAR C DONOR AND ACCEPTOR PO lymer LUM O - Electron acceptor highest occupied orbital (valence band) lowe< unoccupied nwlecular orbital (conduction band)
  9. RGY LEVEL DIA DONOR ACCEPTER SYSTEM Vacuum Level IPO Energy LUMO o hv o HOMO Donor Donor LUMO Acceptor H0M0 Aceptor
  10. SOME DEFFERENCES BETWEEN MECHANISM OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC SOLAR CELL o In inorganic solar cell electrons and holes are generated in same phase of material in contrast in organic solar cell hole generated in one phase and electron generated in other phase o In inorganic solar cell hole and electron moves in same direction in contrast hole and electron in opposite direction
  11. SOME DEFFRENCE BETWEEN MACHENISM OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC SOLAR CELL distance OPV distance o In inorganic material greater delocalization of carrier wave function( wider bandwidth) o In organic material localization of carrier wave function (narrower band width)
  12. SOME DEFFRENCE BETWEEN MACHENISM OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC SOLAR CELL 30+15 -0.2 EO 25 Exciton level -0.3 -150 -100 -so o Inorgani € = 15 Organic 50 100 150 Carrier separation distance, Å
  13. E ORGANIC AS DONOR AND ACCEPTOR SED Donor materials are conjugated polymers, pigment , oligomers Acceptor material fullerene derivatives M.C. scnamer. NS. sancwci/ wogress eotymer saence JYZY-1Y4U b) COHO a) c) d) ctH13 ceH,s f) g)
  14. H ETE (a) Bi-layer heterojunction Cathode Acceptor 100 nm Donor ITO Substrate Light In bilayer hetero junction interfacial area very small The photo-excitation and recombination length is typically 10 nm If excitons form interface region and dissociate but not reach to electrode
  15. BULK HETERO JUNCTION In bulk hetero junction organic material mix such a way interfacial area very large
  16. ARCHITECTURE OF SOLAR CELL Catho e Acceptor Donor Anode ubst at a) Bilayer heterojunction 1 Anode 4 Acceptor Donor Catho e Anode Substrate b) Bulk heterojunction LUMO 4 LUMO Cathode o -2+0 HOMO HOMO c) Device working principle
  17. PRINCIPLE OF BULK HETRO JUNCTION e hv anode O HOMO donor HOMO Acceptor Cathode
  18. ASSEMBLY OF MATERIAL BULK HETRO JUNCTION A bulk hetero junction is a solid mixture two component O with Nano structured morphology Self assembly require to achieve the phase separated Nano morphology at 10-20nm Phase separation and connected pathway require to achieve high carrier mobility One should imagine the fullerene acceptors as comprising the black network and the donor polymer (or small molecule) as comprising the white material
  19. THE NANO MORPHOLOGY Nano morphology studied by atomic force microscopy o It provides useful information on the structure and crystillinity in BHJ film Annealing at high temperature improve performance of device Stable solar cell performance is observed for P3HT: PCBM Even after annealing at 150 c
  20. THE NANO MORPHOLOGY w/o a-real -10 0.0 0.1 0.2 700c, 30 min 13:pCOOmin 0.3 0.4 Bias(V) 0.6
  21. ACTERESTIC O SOLAR CELL Short circuit current Jsc Open circuit voltage Voc c o Imax and v max are defined as maximum current and voltage product of these quantities gives maximum power delivered by solar cell Fill factor FF = Vmax*1max/V *Isc oc
  22. CHARACTERICTICS OF ORGANIC SOLAR CELL Voltage (V) max FF (Fill Factor) Imax (short circuit current) Voc (open circuit voltage) Under monochromatic lighting at wave length X the yield electron generated per unit photon (ICPE)
  23. CHARECTERICS OF SOLAR CELL The external photovoltaic yield n =Pmax/S*G Where G , Illumination time ,S Surface of module
  24. DONOR SOLAR CELL Broadening absorption bandwidth of solar cell incorporation by multiple absorber donor into bulk hetero junction active layer Four donor bulk hetero junction solar cell has performance efficiency 7.8% Donor acceptor composition (PBDTT-C :PBDTT- DPP:PTB7PBDTT-SeDPP): PC70BM
  25. Band diagram of donor material Band diagram of organic and in organic material O Molecular or±åtal Organic semiconductor LUMO Continuous bard VS Inorganic CB VB
  26. Energy diagram of donor material —3.35 ev PBOTTT -c —5.16 ev -3.31 ev PTB7 -S.20 ev —3.63 ev PBDTT- DPP -3.05 ev -3.70 ev -40 ev P3HT PBDTT- SeDPP PC70BM -5.03 ev —5.25 ev —S-21 ev —6.0 ev
  27. J -V CUVRE -10 -10 —IS -0.2 FOR -10 -20 DIFFERENT DONOR SYSTEM 0.8 10 —IS -02 — Linder 10 0.2 0.0 Voltage (V) 0.6 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.4 Voltage 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.4 Vcltage IV) 0.6 0.8
  28. REFFERNCES Yang , Wei chen , letin dou , Wei-hsun , Hsin shen duan Brion Bob Gang li ; 'high performance multiple donor bulk hetero junction solar cell ":9 nature photonics 2015 Jean Michel nunzi ; 'organic photovoltaic materials and device' 3 C R physique 2002 MC Scharber , N S Sarictifti ; 'efficiency of bulk hetero junction organic solar cell Progress in polymer science 2013 Alan j. heeger ; 'bulk hetero junction solar cell understanding mechanism' 26 advance material 2014 10-28 Yajun Gao almntas pivrikas bin Xu ,yang Liu; 'measuring electron and hole mobility' synthetic material 203 2015 187- 191
  29. ACKNOWLEDGMENT o I would like to express to deepest appreciation and a sense of gratitude to my guide , Prof Dipti Gupta, department of metallurgical and material science Indian institute technology Bombay , along her I would also like thank HOD of department.
  30. THANKS

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