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Photosynthesis – PPT Content (Classes 6–12)

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Published in: Biology
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This PPT describes the process of photosynthesis, its chemical equation, stages (light and dark reactions), essential requirements, and factors affecting it, highlighting its importance for plants and all living organisms.

Nimisha N / Chandigarh

3 years of teaching experience

Qualification: Post Graduate

Teaches: Biology, EVS, Mathematics, Science, Agriculture, Human Resource

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  1. PHOTOSYNTHESIS How Plants Make Food from Sunlight Biology | Plant Science
  2. Definition Photosynthesis is the biological process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy What is (glucose), using carbon dioxide and water. Photo- Energy Source synthesis? Sunlight (Solar Energy) Location Chloroplasts in plant cells Importance Feeds almost all life on Earth
  3. The Overall Equation 6CO2 + 6H2O + Light Energy -> C6H1206 + 602 CO2 H20 Light Glucose 02 Carbon Dioxide Water Solar Energy C6H1206 Oxygen (from air) (from soil) (from sun) (food/energy) (released)
  4. Inputs & Outputs INPUTS (Reactants) OUTPUTS (Products) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Glucose (C6H1206) 1 1 Absorbed from air through tiny pores called The plant's food - used for energy, growth, stomata in leaves. and storing nutrients. Water (H2O) Oxygen (O2) 2 2 Absorbed from soil through the roots and Released into the air as a by-product through transported up the stem. stomata - we breathe it! Light Energy 3 Captured by chlorophyll pigment in chloroplasts from sunlight.
  5. Two Stages of Photosynthesis Stage 1: Light Reactions Stage 2: Calvin Cycle . Occurs in the thylakoid membranes · Occurs in the stroma of chloroplast · Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight · Uses ATP and NADPH from Stage 1 1 · Water molecules are split (photolysis) · CO2 is fixed (carbon fixation) . ATP and NADPH are produced · Glucose (C6H1206) is produced · Oxygen is released as by-product · Also called the Dark Reactions
  6. Inside the Chloroplast Outer Membrane Outer Membrane Encloses and protects the chloroplast Thylakoids (Grana) Stroma Fluid where the Calvin Cycle (Stage 2) takes place Thylakoids Membrane sacs containing chlorophyll; site of light reactions Stroma Grana Stacks of thylakoids that increase surface area for light absorption Chlorophyll Green pigment that captures sunlight energy
  7. Factors Affecting Photosynthesis Light Intensity CO2 Concentration . More light -> faster rate (up to a limit) More CO2 -> higher rate of photosynthesis . Beyond saturation point, rate does not increase Greenhouses add CO2 to boost crop yield . Low light = limiting factor CO2 is often a limiting factor Temperature Water Availability . Enzymes work best at optimum temperature Water is a raw material for photosynthesis · High temp (>40?) denatures enzymes Water stress causes stomata to close . Low temp slows down reactions · Reduced water -> reduced photosynthesis .
  8. Why Photosynthesis Matters Food for All Life Oxygen Production Carbon Dioxide Removal Photosynthesis is the base of almost every food chain on Earth. Plants make Photosynthesis produces the oxygen in Plants absorb CO2, helping regulate food that animals and humans depend our atmosphere. Without it, aerobic life Earth's climate and reducing the on could not exist on Earth. greenhouse effect. Fossil Fuels & Energy Agriculture & Food Security Climate Balance Coal, oil and gas are stored energy from Understanding photosynthesis helps Forests and oceans act as carbon sinks. ancient photosynthesis. Even our fuels scientists develop better crops and Protecting them preserves the planet's originate from this process. ensure global food supply. photosynthetic capacity.
  9. Quick Recap 1 Q1. Where does photosynthesis take place in a plant cell? > In the chloroplasts 2 Q2. What are the two raw materials needed for photosynthesis? > Carbon dioxide (CO2) and Water (H2O) Q3. What is the green pigment that captures sunlight? 3 -> Chlorophyll 4 Q4. What gas is released as a by-product of photosynthesis? -> Oxygen (O2) 5 Q5. Name the two stages of photosynthesis. > Light Reactions & Calvin Cycle (Dark Reactions)
  10. Key Takeaways Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy (glucose) It requires CO2, H2O, and sunlight; produces glucose and O2 Two stages: Light Reactions (thylakoids) & Calvin Cycle (stroma) Chlorophyll in chloroplasts is the key pigment Light intensity, CO2, temperature & water affect the rate Photosynthesis is essential for all life on Earth Thank You . Photosynthesis: The Engine of Life

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