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Magnetism

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Published in: Physics
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A short ppt on Magnetism

Hemkumar M / Kolkata

5 years of teaching experience

Qualification: B.Tech.

Teaches: School Level Computer, All Subjects, Chemistry, Mathematics, Physics, Algebra

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  1. What is 74'Lag.neLZa.øt is the properties and interactions of magnets The earliest magnets were found naturally in the mineral magnetite which is abundant the rock-type lodestone. These magnets were used by the ancient peoples as compasses to guide sailing vessels. Magnets produce magnetic forces and have magnetic field lines
  2. have two ends or poles, called north and south poles. At the poles of a magnet, the magnetic field lines are closer together. s) s The magnetic field lines around horse- shoe and disk magnets are dosest together at the magnets' poles. Unlike poles of magnets attract each other and like poles of magnets repel.
  3. The earth is like a giant magnet! The nickel iron core of the earth gives the earth a magnetic field much like a bar magnet. North geographic pole South geographic pole
  4. What are wta-g-M-e-t-Ze domains? Magnetic substances like iron, cobalt, and nickel are composed of small areas where the groups of atoms are aligned like the poles Of a magnet. These regions are called domains. All of the domains of a magnetic substance tend to align themselves in the same direction when placed in a magnetic field. These domains are typically composed of billions of atoms. O Anormal iron nail is made up of billions of domains that are arranged randomly. The domainswill align themselves along the magnetic field lines ofa nearby magnet.
  5. and 71'1-ag-n-e-t-Za.eøt — how are they related? When an electric current passes through a wire a magnetic field is formed. Magnetic field lines Electron flow Electron flow Magnetic field lines When electric current flows through a wire, a magnetic field forms around the wire. The direc- tion ofthe magnetic field depends on the direction of the current in the wire.
  6. What is an When an electric current is passed through a coil of wire wrapped around a metal core, a very strong magnetic field is produced. This is called an Electron S Electron flow An iron core inserted into the coil becomes a magnet
  7. What is a galvanometer? A galvanometer is an electromagnet that interacts with a permanent magnet. The stronger the electric current passing through the electromagnet, the more is interacts with the permanent magnet. A galvanometer includes a per- manent magnet, an electro- magnet that rotates against a spring, and a scale that gives a measurement of the current. Galvanometers are used as gauges in cars and many other applications. 1 3 4 Needle Coil Permanent magnet Meterface Sping The greater the current passing through the wires, the stronger the galvanometer interacts with the permanent magnet.
  8. What are elec+ric motors? An electric motor is a device which changes electrical enerqv into mechanical energy. Permanent magnet S Electromagnet A basic electric motor has a power supply, a permanent magnet, and an electromagnet Electron flow that can rotate. Simplest Electric Motor
  9. How does an motor work? Permanent ma)net Brushes Battery Battery Permanent magnet S Brushes Coil Coil Direction of electron flow A batterycauses an electric current to flow through the coil of the electromagnet. Go to the next slide Unlike polesofthetwo magnets attract each other, and the like poles repel. This causes the coil to rotate until the opposite poles are next to each other.
  10. Permanent magnet Brushes Permanent magnet Brushes Battery Battery Coil Direction of electron flow Ifthe current in the coil is switched, the direc- tion ofthe coil's magnetic field also switches. The north and south poles of the magnet trade places. Simple as that!! S Coil Direction of electron flow The coil is repelled by and attracted once again to the poles ofthe permanent magnet. The coil rotates until it is again aligned with the permanent magnets field.
  11. We have seen how electricity can produce a magnetic field, but a magnetic field can also produce electricity! How? What is electromagnetic induction? Moving a loop of wire through a magnetic field produces an electric current. This is electromagnetic induction. A generator is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy by electromagnetic induction. Carefully study the next diagrams:
  12. WE DUG uP THE FOUNDER OF OUR COMPANY AND WRAPPED HIM IN COPPER WIRE. Direction of electron flow THEN WE REPLACED HIS TOMBSTONE WITH A HUGE nAGNET ANY LUCK, BUSINESS PRACTICES WILL MAKE SPIN DIN HIS GRAVE AND GENERATE ELECTRICITY. Electron flow the wire coil is aligned with the permanent magnet. Electron flow
  13. versus vs DC : What' s the difference? DÄrec# curren# is electrical current which comes from a battery which supplies a constant flow of electricity in one direction. Afrerna#Äng curren# is electrical current which comes from a generator. As the electromagnet is rotated in the permanent magnet the direction of the current alternates once for every revolution.

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