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Facility Design

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Published in: Mechanical
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Presentation on Facility Design

Trinity A / Chandigarh

year of teaching experience

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Teaches: Indian National Mathematical Olympiad (INMO), Mental Maths, Olympiad Exam Preparation, Regional Mathematical Olympiad (RMO), Advanced Excel, Basic Computer, MS Office, School Level Computer, Mathematics, Statistics, Science, Social Studies, B.Tech Tuition, Drawing, Mechanical, AutoCAD Training, French, German, Study in Germany

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  1. Chapter : Facility Design
  2. Facilities Layout Design and Facilities Location Facilities layout design refers to the arrangement of all equipment, machinery, and furnishings within a building envelope after considering the various objectives of the facility. The layout consists of production areas, support areas, and the personnel areas in the building
  3. Need of Facilities Layout Design The need for facilities layout design arises both in the process of designing a new layout and in redesigning an existing layout. The need in the former case is obvious but in the latter case it is because of many developments as well as many problems with in the facility such as change in the product design, obsolescence of existing facilities, change in demand, frequent accidents, more scrap and rework, market shift, introduction of a new product etc.
  4. Objectives of Facilities Layout Design (1) Overall integration and effective use of man, machine, material, and supporting services, (2) Minimization of material handling cost by suitably placing the facilities in the best possible way, (3) Better supervision and control, (4) Employee's convenience, safety, improved morale and better working environment, (5) Higher flexibility and adaptability to changing conditions and (6) Waste minimization and higher productivity.
  5. Types of Layout The basic types of layouts are: 'Product layout 'Process layout 'Fixed position layout 'Cellular layout
  6. Product layout This type of layout is generally used in systems where a product has to be manufactured or assembled in large quantities. In product layout the machinery and auxiliary services are located according to the processing sequence of the product without any buffer storage within the line itself. A pictorial representation of a product type of layout is shown
  7. Product layout 12 13 11 14 Product A product B 10 15 16 17 18
  8. Process layout In a process layout, (also referred to as a job shop layout) similar machines and services are located together. Therefore, in a process type of layout all drills are located in one area of the layout and all milling machines are located in another area. A manufacturing example of a process layout is a machine shop. Process layouts are also quite common in non-manufacturing environments. Examples include hospitals, colleges, banks, auto repair shops, and public libraries
  9. Process layout B SHEAR SHEAR SHEAR A B MILL MILL MILL Milling Section DRILL DRILL DRILL Drilling Section pACK pACK pACK Packing Section
  10. Fixed location layout In this type of layout, the product is kept at a fixed position and all other material; components, tools, machines, workers, etc. are brought and arranged around it. Then assembly or fabrication is carried out. The layout of the fixed material location department involves the sequencing and placement of workstations around the material or product. It is used in aircraft assembly, shipbuilding, and most construction projects.
  11. Fixed location layout WELD GRIND DRILL SHEAR JOB ASSEMBLY pAlNT
  12. Cellular type layout This type of layout is based on the grouping of parts to form product / part families. Similar parts may be grouped into families based on common processing sequences, shapes, tooling requirements, and so on. The processing equipment required for a particular product family are grouped together and placed in a manufacturing cell. The cells become, in effect, miniature versions of product layouts. The cells may have movements of parts between machines via conveyors or have a flow line connected by a conveyor. This type of layout is used when various products have to be produced in medium to large quantities
  13. Cellular type layout GRIND LATHE S S DRILL Flow path of group 111 Flour path of group 222 -..............................> Flow path of group 333
  14. Layout Design Procedure The major steps that needed to be followed in the layout design are 'Statement of the problem in terms of its objective, scope and factors to be considered. 'Collection of basic data on sales forecast, production volume, production schedules, part lists, operations to be performed etc. 'Calculation of production rate and equipment requirements 'Data analysis and its presentation in the form of various charts . 'Calculations of space requirements and allocation of activity areas 'Development of block plan, plot plan, and detailed layout. 'Evaluation , selection , and installation of layout.
  15. Material Handling ' Handling of materials must be performed — Safely — Efficiently — At low cost — In a timely manner — Accurately (the right materials in the right quantities to the right locations) — And without damage to the materials
  16. Analysis of Material Transport Systems ' Analysis of vehicle-based systems — From-to charts and network diagrams — Types of systems: industrial trucks, AGVS, rail- guided vehicles, and asynchronous conveyor operations ' Conveyor analysis — Single-direction conveyors — Closed loop conveyors — Recirculating conveyor systems
  17. Material Transport Equipment Five categories: Industrial trucks 1. Automated guided vehicles 2. 3. Monorails and other rail guided vehicles 4. Conveyors 5. Cranes and hoists
  18. Types of material handling Manual handling Manual handling refers to the use of a worker's hands to move individual containers by lifting, lowering, filling, emptying, or carrying them. It can expose workers to physical conditions that can lead to injuries that represent a large percentage of the over half a million cases of musculoskeletal disorders
  19. Types of material handling Automated handling equipment can be used to reduce and sometimes replace the need to manually handle material. Most existing material handling equipment is only semi- automated because a human operator is needed for tasks like loading/unloading and driving that are difficult and/or too costly to fully automate, although ongoing advances in sensing, machine intelligence, and robotics have made it possible to fully automate an increasing number of handling tasks

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