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Third Generation (1964-1971) Integrated Circuits. The development of the integrated circuit was the hallmark of the third generation of computers. Transistors were miniaturized and placed on silicon chips, called semiconductors, which drastically increased the speed and efficiency of computers.Characteristics of third generation computers include: Integrated circuits instead of individual transistors. Smaller, cheaper, more efficient and faster than second generation computers. High-level programming languages.

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The period of third generation was from 1964 to 1971. Integrated circuits (IC's) are used in third generation computers. In third generation computers input is given through keyboard and output is displayed on monitor. The keyboard and monitor were interfaced through the operating system. Operating system allows different applications to run at the same time. The instructions to the computer were written in high level language instead of machine language and assembly language.

The size of third generation computers is less

Generates less heat and consumes less power than the previous generation computers.

Calculations in nanoseconds.

Low Maintenance and overall cost.  

More reliable.

Good storage.

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The period of third generation was 1965-1971. The computers of third generation used integrated circuits (IC's) in place of transistors. A single IC has many transistors, resistors and capacitors along with the associated circuitry. The IC was invented by Jack Kilby. This development made computers smaller in size, reliable and efficient. In this generation remote processing, time-sharing, multi-programming operating system were used. High-level languages (FORTRAN-II TO IV, COBOL, PASCAL PL/1, BASIC, ALGOL-68 etc.) were used during this generation.

The main features of third generation are:

• IC used
• More reliable in comparison to previous two generations
• Smaller size
• Generated less heat
• Faster
• Lesser maintenance
• Still costly
• A.C needed
• Consumed lesser electricity
• Supported high-level language

Some computers of this generation were:

• IBM-360 series
• Honeywell-6000 series
• PDP(Personal Data Processor)
• IBM-370/168
• TDC-316

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