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Genemoics And DNA

Home > PowerPoint Slides > Genemoics And DNA
Published in: Biotechnology
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How DNA is our life's Blueprint and Theories about it.

Pallavi R / Mumbai

8 years of teaching experience

Qualification: M.Sc (Amity University Mumbai (Amity University Mumbai), Mumbai - 2018), B.Sc (Indira Gandhi National Institute - 2016)

Teaches: All Subjects, Mathematics, Science, Biology, Zoology, AIPMT, Botany, NEET

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  1. Genomics and proteomics presentation By- Pallavi Rani MSc Biotechnology
  2. DNA- life's Blueprint DNA- heredity material of human and almost all other organisms. Discover by Waston and Crick (1953), got nobel prize ( 1962) Structure two intertwined polynucleotide chain Sugar, phosphate backbone Hydrogen bonded nitrogenous bases This discovery -Y Molecular biology Cellular biology Molecular genetics Genomics proteomics
  3. Kindled field of Molecular Biology Two key functions of DNA 1 -5 Replication Accurate transmission of genetic information from parents to progeny. Explained by base pairing specificity 2 -5 Transcription Transformation of DNA's genetic information into a form that directs synthesis Understood by genetic code relating triplets nucleotide codon. protein
  4. This genetic code reveals interesting pattern 1. Highly redundant. 61/64 20 amino acids 3/64 -5 stop message ( translation) Met, Trp represented by one triplet Others represented by various triplets 2. Pyrimidine-end commonalities exist Codon BIB2T and BIB2C always code for same AA ( e.g. ATT ATC ) 3. Purine-end commonalities BIB2A and BIB2G code for same AA. ( exception -5 AT case ATA( Lie), ATG( Met) -..> TG case TGA( stop), TGG ( Trp)
  5. DNA double helix led to establishment of the frist iteration of central dogma of Biology Central dogma -5 DNA self replication DNA -5 mRNA( transcription) mRNA protein ( translation) Other arrows in dogma RNA* RNA ( certain virus RNA* DNA ( retro virus replication (DNA DN DNAPolymerase transcripti (DNA RN RNA Polyme RNA tra nslation (RNA Pro Ribosome 0 0 0 0 O Protei
  6. Fundamental DNA process DNA carries structural information in the primary sequence Genetic variability ( mutation) 1- insertion 2- deletion 3- substation In the daughter compared to parental DNA Alters triplets cod - different polypeptide composition Alerts biological process
  7. Challenges in Nucleic Acid structure, Several levels of N.A structure base-pair levels to cellular level Protein structure protein/ DNA complex Protein folding problem Folding problem in DNA / RNA polymer Protein folding problem is more challenging than protein structure problem as it extends over much more larger spatial scale ( 1000 of angstrom) and temporal scales ( pico second to minutes and longer)
  8. Continuation Small segments of N.A --> X-ray crystallography , NMR are invaluable for single , double , triple - other form of NA oligonucleotides - their complexes with protein - other biomolecules and ligands nucleic acid database ( NDB) --> beautifully cataloging these structures.
  9. Thankyou

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