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PPT On The Virus Structure

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Published in: Bio Technology | Biology | Botany
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"Viruses may be invisible to the naked eye, but their impact is powerful. They teach us that even the smallest entities can shape life, challenge science, and inspire discoveries. In the world of biology, studying viruses is not just about understanding diseases, but unlocking the secrets of evolution, genetics, and life itself. A single virus can change history — and a curious mind can change the future."

Rizwana P / Jhansi

7 years of teaching experience

Qualification: Msc bed

Teaches: All Subjects, Biology, Botany, Chemistry, Hindi, B.Ed Tuition, Education, M.Sc Tuition, Microbiology, Psychology, CTET, B.Ed, Arts / Crafts, Counting Skills, Drawing / Painting, Nursery Rhymes, Reading Skills, Story Telling, Writing Skills, Phonics

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  1. Virus Structure and Method of Invasion Higher Biology
  2. Introduction to viruses • Obligate parasites • Specific to type of cells they target -poliomylelitis virus attacks nerve cells -hepatitis virus attacks liver cells • Reproduction is their only true characteristic of being alive • Much smaller than bacteria (20-300nm)
  3. Viral Structure •Not a cell! • DNA or RNA (retrovirus) • Surrounded by protective protein coat (capsid) • Genetic material carries information for multiplication • Hijacks biochemical machinery of host cell to carry these processes out
  4. Head Neck Sheath Tail fiber DNA Base plate Bacteriophage TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS nucleic acid protein Caspar AO. R". 7:22S fgt
  5. Invasion of a cell by a virus • Virus can lie dormant for many years until it comes into contact with a suitable host cell • Binds with molecules on surface of host cell • Herpes -whole virus enters cell • Bacteriophage -viral DNA injected via hollow tail
  6. Alteration of Cell Instruction • Virus takes control of cell machinery • Depends on host for -supply of free nucleotides • Virus suppresses cell's normal nucleic acid replication and protein synthesis • Manufactures many identical copies of viral nucleic acid and protein coats
  7. • New viral particles become assembled and become released by: 1 .Lysis -viral nucleic acid used to synthesise lysis enzymes -bursting of host cell to release viral particles OR 2. Buds contaning virus are formed
  8. UIRRL REPLICRTION PRTHUJRYS 4. Tail fibers and other components are added to coats. New particles are completed. Q 000. 3. Viral proteins are assembled into coats. DNA is packaged inside. €0 30 2. Viral DNA directs host cell machnery to produce viral proteins and copies of viral DNA. LYTIC PATHWAY 5. Host cell undergoes lysis, releasing the infectious particles. 1 . Virus particles bind to the wall of a suitable host cell. Viral enters the cell's cvtoolasm.
  9. Retrovirus • Contains RNA •No DNA to transcribe into mRNA • Reverse transcriptase injected into cell by virus with RNA -enzyme reverses normal transcription -Produces viral DNA from RNA -Virus uses DNA to replicate
  10. Some video clips • Bacteriophage entering a cell • HIV replication
  11. BIOLOGY BY RIZWANA MAM

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