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Notes On Magnetism

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Published in: Physics
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Magnetism is the force exerted by magnets when they attract or repel each other. Magnetism is caused by the motion of electric charges. Every substance is made up of tiny units called atoms. Each atom has electrons, particles that carry electric charges.

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  1. 4. I Simple phenomena of magnetism MAGNETS: • Magnets have a magnetic field around them. • They have 2 opposite poles (North and South) which exert forces on other magnets. s s s bar disc s ball s cylinder cylinder (Note: unusual pole arrangement) Like poles repel and unlike poles attract. This is caused by the interaction of magnetic fields. Repulsion is the surest test to identify magnets. o Therefore if magnets are facing each other with opposite poles, they will come together given a small space between them • They attract magnetic materials by inducing (permanent or temporary) magnetism in them.
  2. • Will exert little or no force on a non-magnetic material • The direction of an electric field at a point is the direction of the force on a positive charge at that point • Induced Magnetism: o Magnets attract materials by inducing magnetism in them; the material becomes a magnet as well. o The side of the material facin the ma net will become the op site le as the magnet. \EM+ORARY MA&Nå • Methods of inducing magnetism: o A piece of steel becomes permanently magnetised when placed near a magnet, but its magnetism is usually weak. o It can be magnetised more strongly by stroking it with one end of a magnet s Magnet Steel Bar (a) Using one Magnet Magnet 4, Magnet s steel Bar (b) Using two Magnets

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