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Notes On Periodic Table

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Published in: Chemistry
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Here is short notes for students on topic periodic table of subject chemistry.

Manisha / Vijayawada

3 years of teaching experience

Qualification: MBBS (Rangaraya medical college (RMC), KAKINADA - 2018)

Teaches: Anatomy, Biology, Botany, Chemistry, Physiology, Zoology, All Subjects, NTSE, Physics, EVS, Science, Bio Chemistry, EAMCET, AIIMS, NEET

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  1. peridic table DobaotU of Dobe
  2. soroe Baf)S ro odeleeff tab(C calleu rn?ssto eleroeots eleroeOtS• tbey b B OOLO Loou)o Êkœ St noto as Gre 3) Loo@O Q s on tbe te(aetoo ecvotvalent of QO elernent atomtc uetgbt Of etemeot uœteocg - ôtorotc coetyhts o-f on eleroent IJQter)CY• BtorOtC coetghtS ce Benn cura connecte& by neodeleeff zeco scoop coeze of cs, SCI Pt caltea Pedodtc (au) The pb8stcal cberotcal eco?ecetes of the elemeots ame tbe pectodtc foncetons of tGet6 atorotc Ms ts calleA PetetO&tOC lb tbe pededs CB 360eps• table COQS cobgtmecte& by n)etls BobT oo tbe electuontc of tbe Jo thts table eleroentS aïe tbe vecttcal cotumns • cQlIed vezdca( Colorons
  3. eepze.seofcxdve S-bm -3 C(eroeotS peric&c clæssfificai;cn Atomtc numbes Eteroent of clcmcnts 13 s; Reoeseotattve 16 Transition Elements d-block 6 10 7 8 5 37 38 39 80 Pa cd 5 2b Sr 52 76 76 Pb eo At an 6 C' ka- OS AL Tl Inner Traos7bioo Elements f — block 97 too cf toi No
  4. callea ate ee?toc?6 f) utoc cottb met016 ocbte îo eacb ?be ?be element eo?QZS the ooobe? - ?o• $zeleroe06.S. OÎSî9na6toO 'booteg 6 SbQ?t long ÎDCorop (ete norobe? eob- eoe?gg teuet?- Per 6 Cach uDÎtb enas ncble 9QSi each ?e?to& the acffe?enta eoeecs ?&?nt
  5. Hodero table coo (003 -frŒrO tt-je -tab coostmoctea by Net ts basecl on etccezorRC of the eteroerts• tbts eabte eleroents cure cnc-cectstos Œtomtc norobez• cs feezesenex€too of Ê) Of-bQU pœtoctpte• Notatteo IUPAC Nome of etet00DtS Dtott ôbbzeutatton 00 bQL i sep# oct eno
  6. ??????????? c' @lth atorncc ?? ? ??? 1014 ??? 106 107 ??? ??) ??? ??? 117 ??8 0Jaroe» (? to ?????????«' ????€??2????1) octtOfO ????????€0?0 ???O?') ??????0?0 l)noob10ro ??????0??0?) ????6??????-0 ???? octlVcO Svbo( ??? ??? (-7?? ?) ???') l)d.b ? ??? ??? ???0
  7. cf toto «Lf toto sub- teuets atl etccoenes clasgtftca fc06 blccE. BlocVv CtemeotS 3) Bloc L Clemen es B(ooc Clec0entS cobfcb electoonS eote6S toto S- Ubteat eoe€yy calle& 5- BlocE g- Subtevct too elect@ryg all bto& elemeneg ate too to the rodeøn pedoatc Cable theg 9) flf) 96 00? eleöeots callea f)lkct? t-tetdS cd) a08 gaop elemerts metals cBe, HO) ca, Tbe elemeots ate locatea at t6e ket Stae of fettoatc table • fre electTonC conftgUüQttoo of {bese eleooentS Ins
  8. tbese elemeotS ht3h(y ametqts bave loto potntS 9008 recRrt03 ) agents tbeg exhtbtt H and 142 oztdatton nombe7'i P- BloCL eteroeotS to uh?cb dtfferenttattng electronS eote6S tou Botbìtals of coeeomose enecgg teuel aïe ,catlek B(ocw P Can QCComcdate t ma2tmoro electaoogs QII tbe P-UocE etemeriS Otoops• tn modern pettodtq tQNe tbey ate 1110 group IVf) un VIP VII f) 9T00P (It(tf) eleceuotc of 1-6 ti?€ erî3bt rbese eleetan?c mentS Qete locate4 stde tbe pertodtc ab(e•
  9. PropeTttes of P- BtccL elementS non- bot etcménts roeta13 metaltctag IbetÔ electro have eotbalpo uQtoeg • cv6C sUcono 02tdtstn9 cuoentS tBeg ccvcttenc compocDclS' BIOCL elementS g)htcb tBe atffezeottQttoo electzong Of Petoolttcnate Ehetl •Úe cQtle& D- BlocW ElemenGs bese elemcn¿g críe located bettoeen S eteroeo€S sedes' t) seTtes Sc qa sedes 3) sa sutes sedes n to ?ncomplete, Bit ltbe btocv elemeots ace callea tottb electopgttve natoóe bot onty Me€corg CIA9) Ots cr blocW elemento TOOCO Ibes exbcbl€ vaúb(e valencg üoo extst tn Fe and Pe eztJQtiof)
  10. e oatote cototnea comp(eaes tootq as as "va(ene compoorAg• B(ocYJ €lejmcn€&', Ibe eteroeotS to u)b€cb the dtffe@rGatt09 e(ectcoog cotes f- 0TbåatS of cottpeoölttrnaee Sbel( collea etcmeot5 bege elecoeots ate also catted Ibe gene etectfoÆc oe tbe eteroeo€S ate coo) Hf sedtes tbe P A buck etccoeotS ate Called CceCz-S8D to tvC7> bf sedeg elerrgotS ulleæ f)cttntaes Cib qo)to C lasstftccu€too of elementS ) baga 06 elerremettontc coottguTa€toD pa pudes5 Basea 00 electCOOte c0Dft09V$ctt00 1 elementS u)exe classtfte& tnto Coot thecJ t) Noble oaCS elemQntS tones etel"eots
  11. tNob(e gæ3eS Cot) gases be eterneotS ccbtcb tbe oote6r006fe S P sob- tevelS ate completetg •Cttlea coftb etectøeoS ate called bese eteroent6 nJej f)' J tb eos tbeSe elemcotS paeseoe vet etc al cotvroo to the rooaecn taHe• geoeoal electsootc of these elemeotS ezcept the. pteseoce of et9bt outeccoost coed9g level called octet electoco€c coodgocattoo ave to octet etecemontc corft3Utat800 of ttue elements nghe6 except Heltero• Ibe paeseoce of et9ht elections tn tbe oveecmose eoetf)Y called octet ete cootugtc conftg are cherotcatlg stable • go, tbey do Dot tbe cheofcal teacttone Hence i they moooatcmtc of ttrse elcroeots veøg tesse Hence, these eleroen€S caltea Pace gaseS• 2) Pepa&otattve elements to obtcb the shells gob levels QTe tocomp(etely ftltea eoctb electr60ns called Rep cegeotætfve coo elemeotS Bese ave all tbe f-b10cL p-b(ock elements eacept zetoov scoop elementS•l øenetcl electT0Dtc of these elementS oae ng op
  12. 011 tbe , elemenŒ to tbe oob(e, (ooSt03 cro ,etect090S Cos) of eterTntS otba tbc elec0eotS to i ecbtcb COSO ctòcl peootttrOQte (co-t)d) sbettS eatttQllg ftt(ed catted tcaostdoo e(emeotS• the geoetcit elect
  13. q, Lese etemeots elements to cohtcb the olttroate, pene f)otfpeoelttmate pudalty ftttea otth ate 'caltecl tnnec elements • the conft9 of ; the ge elerocotS coe co- & ) f Co-DJ (coo settes oc tnoez tcao$fctoo en&s ana Dcetntaes to the qf Sf • a-re heavy metals common no of elementS QTe {3 • De block eleroentS. Hence called elementS l) the btocL eternentg cue tn q I-to 6(ocE e(eroeotg åll the block elermntS to settes• bt Oe of the pedoa?c table € aey sc sedes ,
  14. entodfcttcl ??0?? ??00???3 that Soroe totea el«neolS 0€ • Tt'E €0?????? atoNlC nomECTS 31. ?? thO ?- elecC-600tc coo€t30Tatecos • Tbt% tco&
  15. dtseance betcoeeo the t, B?orôtc the atorôtc ?be oc oote?mo?,c teu?l caltea neomfc (00 Nomcc ît, by roaoy Oceo??, noclea? char69Q' potoctpte nombecj Boa cha?acte$, of nombeo of ?be @toro co-oratrnecc oOrnbet • of ôtor0tC cr?e sontf?ccvn€ • tbeg l) COD half of ?be nocte«? atstaoce betóeen the cenue6 of dScucent/ the Ez? be tote? ooc(e?$ ats€aoce ac?5«ceoU to soaton ts bezefctej frye metatltc measoce{ f?orn? nor-Y ît ts one - half o? ?be nocleaT a?stance ?beuoeeo of a- horoo noc?eaT covateoc moteco?e ?be întez betooeeO Qtoff)S o? Cl motecote ts Bo, ?be coualert of cl
  16. Se ts meagodea I SobStaocCS tneat gases soctc{ dectoea as half of the between the cco€teg of two atfteøeoe roo(ecetes u)htch closed Co each ethCd the totec nucleol between (be ceotces of of dtffeteot of cHootoe 3-6 tbecefoie; Rad?oS Of ct ('g f) o GteOé6Qtty mooe than metatttC TQdtOS roetat(tC Qaat1S rooce than covæteot the thnAeooat'S cadtuS an atom ts tatgeo cc . of aodr p' tn fcoro top bottom 'the atoroce tnc«eages movt03 dou)o cc gaoef) the of sbe(IS tnc6easesj so the atg€ctoce beetoeen noctevS ootec mot Qtso tncæ«seS to pedoa 4--60M) left CO 3 ca-clvally On movt05 the tbe ætcofc nombe--x soj tbe hecteccø cobtte tbe added ctecåcn eotezs the game shells
  17. • tea St bt3heSU of ee?occ ?temeotô cvrncog the Ne c00QteofJ 230 c?ecceaSe focm theSe elemcoUs- co ?Qk?O the , of, halogen o? Che scvroc Joncc the nocteos ana ooteom06t tevel of an ?oo catte& on Îoo?c Îong tgpe6. CcatOOS 2) CQtÎerfc QQdËOS • pogtdvety cbQ?3ea ton. ts by the tos' of one cod) roome, elect;?oog by the neoU?Ql of cbQ?ge 6Qroe opon tbe numbe? 04 etect??-xg go tbe noctea$ chQ?se pe? electroo tâÎ-eQse& BeQ eteet000S cctt?Q?te& by nocCeoS c?t?ong?
  18. of I th@0 Qtorô AS oo c?t?oo foaeases dQdcoS fo?tbe? aec?ecz,?ecs Antoocc ho?0ôS negatÎuety ebagea tong • bose by the o? one c06) roooe elect?00S by the Qtorô' Of noccecu opon nnÎoO of etecc?oos toc?eases• j tbe effectnve fo? e(ece?ons aeemeases • of tt-no of pamen€ u)hîch  CS BS oen tocoa,ge.s
  19. Second SontSatton Tine acoovot ef tseroove ao elCct600 votpogfctve {on ts cattea geeorx{ Cébeo rf0toa( oaseovs becoroes votpogtttve con i noe ef elecvscDS fon eotll be tbc rhe effecttve nombeo of exe sent (be nuclea6 ee6 elect60D so' t6C ene63Y {o xerocue etecaoo •fern to o be r006e tbcto that of neot6al t)eoce, facto•sg soofsct?oo po tenetcd;—. 9• chaØ8& 3 gcaecotoo effect coo ghettdtf)$ Pene€catt03 of 00 bttals Ctectøootc conftjoøattoo f)torOLC f); the DO m boo oe effect Shells focøeageS tbe A€gtonce between Cbe nucle«g electøooS tnneasesv so, elect60ns aze held by tt becomes easy to -6emeue tbe elect-voo hence, tootsdtoo potertfat deneases.
  20. atom Cuc dtze cmc3e• the atorotc• nembeo chaoe on toe neclcog coccecrgeg bet number of Same petted g. cbaff)e tncceases the ovtec etc ace atC6ctctec[ the nvc(evs• DA ccgelt roc6e Coe IS fot cf tCæ cbacoe effect coo effect? the e tectfooo; pleseot to the tonec ptevcot of nucleus oo of etecaoog called effecU COO Bc effect' tty scxe€ocno effecC toccectse5 values becctege val€O CM ace (ooS(y by the nudecs• gcceeofoy effect of gcceent03 effece oc oobtccrlS : eeoe-tTutt09 poaem of : g?Oce bccc{ they 'the ocbt€Ql c(ectdoo Cococc
  21. tFe eleceaons. cottl be closez tbe noc(coS' So, tbc coecgy temutoed {o temouc electmoo eottl be tb cŒzcctl (o tbe l'eoetcctecog Peoet6cœî0B of a S ' etecttootc cooftyccutcOO Sub Sbetls e*acettJ - comptete(0 etece$oos f)torog otbtta(s Sfnbtc• Gcteate6 cirnoooe of coe63y cs 10 - cerooFue 00 electron foom -theoefoze, tootsat?oo Potenttcvl tbe SZQbte elect-$orfcz of tnezÇ 9WSes sŒ6e , gtab(e cottty s cometete{y • Heoce„ the! 1-nve bt3b valceS• the nob(e 9œses He bave ht3b te v«loe lJQ6tcutL00 of t O cena ' fŒccO CO? Co bottorO ?oC6easeS• BO , CP uatues sqSl boe ('ectoas teft co «torotc 6Qdtas tocteases• CP valoe €ocoeases:
  22. etcroene cottt) (e «se îf' meecds cotto IS @neoe e (er0ÇYS• e(eroents ('6esenC Y, IS ana CB bave bf9bez does cf the «facem 'element of tris of Be > o: €tectccotc Of Be 2 SE. contatog comp(eeety fttleAi oc@6 So, tbe conftguocutton Fave yeatec Stctbtltt9• S otbca( bave 5ŒQtec penet6cttt09 pouez. toence ) èoegy temutcea to zerocve etecezoo furo Ce ht3b cooft90tQtton cf B {S atom coneafos oest coe elect600 the oobctal. {S CSS stab(e ebe peoet6attog ()ocoeo of e ombtta( ) Cesb'. So tbae CP Of B C Bot Be •

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