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AIR

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Published in: Geography
1,168 Views

About layers of atmosphere

Sharath / Delhi

2 years of teaching experience

Qualification: B.Tech/B.E. (DU - 2012)

Teaches: All Subjects, Mathematics, Science, Chemistry, Physics, Algebra, Geography

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  1. Air The earth is surrounded by huge blanket of air called atmosphere. Composition of Atmosphere: Nitrogen -78% Oxygen- 21% Argon- 0.93% Hydrogen, helium, ozone and other gases- 0.04% Carbon-di-oxide-0.03% We intake mixed air. Plants need nitrogen to survive. They can't intake directly. The bacteria in the soil take the nitrogen from the atmosphere and converts into the form that plants can in take by roots. Humans and animals intake oxygen. Oxygen is produced by plants during photosynthesis. Carbon di oxide is used by plants to prepared food by photosynthesis and give oxygen to the atmosphere. Structure of atmosphere There are five layers in atmosphere Exosphere 80-400km Thermosphere Extends up to 80km Mesosphere 50km Stratosphere Height is about 13km Troposphere Upper most layer of the atmosphere which has light gases like helium and hydrogen The temperature rises rapidly Ionosphere is part of thermosphere Radio wave transmission zone Meteoroids burn up here and enter the space This place is free from clouds and is ideal for flying aeroplanes It has ozone layer Rainfall, hailstorms and fog occurs here
  2. Weather and climate: Weather: It is the atmospheric conditions for a short period of time. Climate: It is the atmospheric conditions over a period of time. Temperature: the degree of hotness or coldness is temperature. Temperature mainly depends on insolation (amount of the exposure to the sun rays) Temperature is more at equator and goes on decreasing towards the poles. Temperature in cities are more than villages. The concrete, buildings, metals, asphalt of the roads get heated up during day time and heat is released during night. Air Pressure: The air presses us in all the directions and we will not get to know. Also our body exerts the counter pressure. We don't feel this Air pressure: it is the pressure exerted by the air on the earth's atmosphere. The air pressure is high at sea level and decreases as height increases. High temperatur Wet weather (cloudy) Low temperature Clear sunny skies. air is heated and rises thick air at sea level Air always moves from high pressure to low pressure area Wind Movement of air from high pressure to low pressure region It leaves down the pavement or uproots trees during a storm Classification of winds- 3 types Permanent winds Seasonal winds Local winds Moisture- These winds blow throughout the year in particular direction These winds change direction in different seasons They blow during particular period of day low pressure high pressure of air E.g.: trade winds, westerlies and easterlies E.g.: monsoons in India Loo- breeze Moisture in the air is called humidity As air gets warmer, the capacity to hold moisture increases.
  3. On humid day the capacity of the clothes to dry is less. The water vapours form clouds and as it precipitates, they come down to earth as rain. Three types of rainfall Convectional rainfall Orographic rainfall Cyclonic rainfall

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