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In the given question it's mentioned that there was the first and final call of Rs.3 which was not done yet. So out of Rs.10 the the remaining call amount is Rs.7

Provisions are a charge against profits. Ther are treated as expense and reduce the company's profits. It's an amount that you put in aside in your accounts to cover a probable but uncertain future liability. Such liability is known to arise in the future after a certain time. Example: Provision for depreciation, Provision for doubtful debtors. Provision has precise information about the exact amount of the expense or asset reduction.

Reserves are created after the company has made profits. Once all statutory payments are made such as taxes, the leftover profit is truly what is earned by the company. This amount can be set aside for any future needs that the company owners deem fit. Such appropriation of profit is not meant for liabilities or expenses that are KNOWN to arise in the future. This is done at the will of the board members. Instead, management simply makes note of its future cash needs, and budgets for them appropriately. The most common reserve is a capital reserve, where funds are set aside to purchase fixed assets.

In short, a reserve is an appropriation of profit for a specific or a general purpose, while a provision is a charge for an estimated expense.

Yes, O/s salary have to be shown in liability side after performing the condition in Revaluation Account Because it is treated as unpaid liability. 

Tally ERP 9 is the best. 

Loose tools are treated as Current assets that's why shown on Asset side of balance sheet. 

Like optical use by technician for operation of machine involved in it. 

Answer

p :Q: R  -  600000:400000:500000

6:4:5

share of P till death

3 years preceding 2018 60000

2017   30000

2018   120000 loss

final loss 30000

average 30000/3

10000   

share of loss 

10000× 6/15×146/365

= 1600 share of loss

Days calculate

April 30

May 31

June 30

July 31

Aug 24

total 146 days

Manual accounting refers to the accounting that are done manually right from journal/ledger/trial balance and final accounts including cash book. Funds flow/cash flow/ratio analysis are also done manually. But in the case of computer accounting, all are done by data posting through software accounting may be by tally/java etc. And printing is also done through software system.

EXPENSES PAID BY THE PARTNER TOWARDS REALISATION WILL BE DEBITED TO REALISATION A/C AND CREDITED TO PARTNER'S CAPITAL A/C.

ACCOUNTING IS THE PROCESS OF MAINTING ACCOUNTS IN A SYSTAMATIC MANNER BY TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION THE DEBITS AND CREDITS.

DEPRECIATION ACCOUNT IS A NOMINAL TYPE ACCOUNT BECAUSE IT IS A CHARGE AGAINST PROFIT ALTHOUGH IT IS A NON-CASH EXPENDITURE AND DEBITED TO PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT AND DEDUCTED FROM THE RESPECTIVE FIXED ASSET IN THE BALANCE SHEET.