1. Cut command cuts the selected portion of the data and pastes it where the users wants to. Its command key is CTRL+ X. 2. Copy demand copies the selected portion of the data so that the user does not need to fill the same data again and again. Its command is CTRL+C 3. Paste command pastes or enters the data selected through cut or copy where the user wants to. Its command key is CTRL+V.

The internal structure of the computer contains four main structural components. They are,

Central processing unit (CPU): Controls the operation of the computer and performs its data processing functions; often simply referred to as processor.

Main memory: Stores data.

I/O: Moves data between the computer and its external environment.

System interconnection: Some mechanism that provides for communication among CPU, main memory, and I/O.

And the major structural components of CPU are,

Control unit: Controls the operation of the CPU and hence the computer.

Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU): Performs the computer’s data processing functions.

Registers: Provides storage internal to the CPU.

CPU interconnection: Some mechanism that provides for communication among the control unit, ALU, and registers.

CPU IS CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT, IT INTERPRETS THE DATA WHICH IS TAKEN BY THE COMPUTER VIA VARIOUS INPUT SOURCES LIKE MOUSE, KEYBOARD,ETC AND PERFORMS VARIOUS ARITHMETIC AND LOGICAL OPERATIONS. LATER ON DISPLAYS THE OUTPUT ON VARIOUS OUTPUT PLATFORMS.

Operating System (OS) makes it possible to run any app/program in a computer. It's like a platform on which all the applications run within a computer. Imagine a football playground - the ground can be considered as Operating system and all the players and football are like apps.

• Software brings life to the computer.
• Software that tells the computer step-by-step what to do and how to do.
• A Software is a set of instructions that tell the computer step-by-step how to perform a particular task.

Types of Software 

• Operating or System Software. 

  • e.g: Linux,Windows,Android

• Application Software.

  • e.g: Adobe ,Microsoft Paint,Word etc

ISP stands internet service provider. It is a company which provides Internet access by using copper, fiber, or even satellite communications to the customer. Examples of ISP are Hathaway, BSNL, Tata teleservices, Reliance Jio etc.

Computer classified on the basis of size and capacity are :- 1 Super computer 2Mainframe computer 3Mini computer 4Micro computer 5desktop computer 6 pocket computer 6

Storage 

• Storage is the component of your computer that allows you to store and access data on a long-term basis. Usually, storage comes in the form of a solid-state drive or a hard drive.

• Storage allows you to access and store your applications, operating system and files for an indefinite period of time.

  Storage in a computer

​

BIT       SINGLE

1 BYTE      8 BITS

1 KB

1024 BYTES

1MB

1024 KB

1GB

1024 MB

1 TB

1024 GB

1 PB

1024 TB

1EB

1024PB

Communication is a process in which two or more computers or devices share resources ,information ,instruction etc.

For a successful communication we need

• A sending device that initiates an instruction to transmit data, instructions, or information.

• A communications device that connects the sending device to a communications channel.

• A communications channel, or transmission media on which the data, instructions, or

  information travel.

• A communications device that connects the communications channel to a receiving device.

• A receiving device that accepts the transmission of data, instructions, or information. 

Features Include 

• highly interactive communication :- is the capability of supporting complex processes of interaction between the participants.
• multi way communication:- the communication is multiway, between all the participants of a group who may receive and respond to messages from all the other participants.
• synchronous and asynchronous communication :- synchronous communication, communication between two or more people in real time, such as classroom-based, face-to-face discussion, or a telephone conversation. In asynchronous communication, the participants are not on-line at one and the same time, as in the case of correspondence by letter or fax.