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Aldehydes and ketones are carbonly compounds which contain a carbon oxygen double bond, called as the carbonyl carbon ( C=O).
In an aldehyde, the carbonyl carbon is attached to a hydrogen atom on one side and an alkyl group on the other side, hence completing its valency by forming 4 bonds ( i.e. a single bond with H, a single bond with an alkyl group and a double bond with oxygen).
In ketones, the carbonly carbon is attached to two alkyl groups on either side.
Example of aldehyde: Formaldehyde HCOH and of Ketone: Acetone (Dimethyl ketone) (CH3)2CO.
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